TRIA Reauthorization Hearing Largely Supports Renewal 

September 23, 2025

On September 17, the House Financial Services Subcommittee on Housing and Insurance held a hearing on the re-authorization of the TRIA (Terrorism Risk Insurance Act) program. 

Why it matters: The current law expires on December 31, 2027, and Congress will need to reauthorize it to avoid a lapse in coverage. 

  • TRIA is credited with maintaining market stability by keeping terrorism coverage accessible and affordable, which supports continued investment and financing in commercial real estate and infrastructure projects.
  •  The hearing included draft text of a bill to reauthorize TRIA through 2034

What they’re saying: Republicans and Democrats were largely supportive of TRIA and reauthorizing the program without major changes. A few Republicans had specific questions and critiques on the government’s role in the program, but none voiced outright opposition. 

Chairman Mike Flood’s (R-NE) opening statement demonstrated strong support for TRIA, and after the hearing, he announced his support for a seven-year clean reauthorization. 

The program makes it easier to have an operating market where entities can purchase insurance that covers terrorism risk, and a well-functioning insurance market makes it possible for entities of all kinds to purchase insurance against terrorism risks.
Ranking Member Emanuel Cleaver (D-MO) also emphasized the program’s importance: 
The threat of terrorism impacts the entire nation, including my home district in the Midwest, and I'm glad that Congress has been able to historically work in a bipartisan way on this program. Last Friday, I sat down with the insurance industry, many of whom were testifying here today to discuss priorities for TRI reauthorization. I heard unanimous agreement on the need for early and long-term reauthorization.

Witness at the hearing included: 

  • Mr. Baird Webel, Specialist in Financial Economics, Congressional Research Service (CRS)
  • Mrs. Elizabeth Heck, Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer, Greater New York Insurance Companies, on behalf of National Association of Mutual Insurance Companies
  • Ms. Michelle Sartain, President, Marsh U.S. and Canada
  • Mr. Jason Schupp, Founder and Managing Member, Centers for Better Insurance, LLC
  • Commissioner Andrew N. Mais, Connecticut Insurance Department, on behalf of National Association of Insurance Commissioners

Questions from other lawmakers focused on whether TRIA remains necessary and what the implications would be for the private insurance market if the program were allowed to expire. 

  • The witnesses largely agreed that TRIA must exist for the terrorism insurance market to exist. Members and witnesses noted the immediate aftermath of 9-11 demonstrated the market could not function without a backstop. 
  • Several witnesses underscored the importance on how advanced reauthorization is necessary so insurers and reinsurers can make capital allocation decisions and policyholders can make business decisions, such as breaking ground on new buildings. 
  • Members of Congress from across the country echoed Rep. Cleaver’s point that TRIA is essential in every state. 

Other topics of note: 

  • Cyber Coverage:
    • Rep. Ritchie Torres (D-NY) focused his questions on cyber-warfare and cyber attacks and how TRIA classifies these attacks. Witness Schupp said that cyber could be included under TRIA, but the Treasury Secretary has the unreviewable authority to certify what attacks qualify.
    • Rep. Andrew Garbarino (R-NY) said that a cyber insurance backstop could be necessary, but it should be a separate process and not tied to TRIA.
  • Bank and Lender Risk: Rep. Troy Downing (R-MT), a former insurance commissioner, pressed witness Baird Webel from the Congressional Research Services on what a market would look like if a federal backstop were no longer needed. 
    • Absent a backstop, Webel suggested that banks and lenders would be taking the risk on balance sheet if they were forced into a choice of writing or not writing a loan without terrorism coverage.
  • Captives: Rep. Nydia Velázquez (D-NY) questioned Schupp on the issue of captive insurers gaming the program. Schupp said that captive structures allow large companies to structure their premiums and deductibles to limit their risk while being eligible for large government payouts. 
  • Recoupment: Rep. John Rose (R-TN) expressed skepticism on the recoupment mechanism. 

The bottom line: The hearing tone largely supports a smooth pathway to an early and long-term reauthorization. Still, the nature of a government backstop — even on a well-liked program like TRIA — may draw some critics as the legislation moves through the House and Senate. 

Contact David McCarthy (dmccarthy@crefc.org) with any questions.

Contact 

David McCarthy
Managing Director,
Chief Lobbyist, Head of Legislative Affairs
202.448.0855
dmccarthy@crefc.org
The information provided herein is general in nature and for educational purposes only. CRE Finance Council makes no representations as to the accuracy, completeness, timeliness, validity, usefulness, or suitability of the information provided. The information should not be relied upon or interpreted as legal, financial, tax, accounting, investment, commercial or other advice, and CRE Finance Council disclaims all liability for any such reliance. © 2025 CRE Finance Council. All rights reserved.

Become a Member

CREFC offers industry participants an unparalleled ability to connect, participate, advocate and learn!
Join Now

Sign Up for eNews

Subscribe